Composition and structure of hoisting machinery

The working mechanism includes: lifting mechanism, operating mechanism, luffing mechanism and rotating mechanism, which are called the four major mechanisms of crane. (1) Lifting mechanism is a mechanism used to realize vertical lifting of materials. It is an indispensable part of any crane and is therefore the most important and basic mechanism of the crane.

(2) Operating mechanism is a mechanism that realizes horizontal material transportation through the operation of a crane or a lifting trolley. It can be divided into trackless operation and track operation. According to its driving mode, it can be divided into self-propelled and traction type.

(3) Luffing mechanism is a working mechanism unique to boom cranes. The luffing mechanism changes the operating range by changing the length and elevation angle of the boom.

(4) Rotating mechanism is to make the boom rotate around the vertical axis of the crane to move materials in the annular space. Cranes achieve the purpose of transporting materials through the single movement of a certain mechanism or the combined movement of multiple mechanisms.

Driving device

The driving device is a power device used to drive the working mechanism. Common driving devices include electric drive, internal combustion engine drive and human drive.

Pick-up device

The pick-up device is a device that connects materials to the crane for material lifting by lifting, grabbing, sucking, clamping, supporting or other means. Different types of pick-up devices are used according to the different types, shapes and volumes of the materials being lifted. For example, hooks and rings are often used for finished items; grabs and hoppers are often used for bulk materials (such as grain, ore, etc.); and cylinders and tanks are used for liquid materials. There are also pick-up devices such as spiral unloading and bucket wheel unloading, as well as special container lifting equipment.

Metal structure

The metal structure is a steel structure that uses rolled steel (such as angle steel, channel steel, I-beam, steel pipe, etc.) and steel plates made of metal materials as basic components, connected according to certain composition rules through welding, riveting, bolting and other methods, and bears the dead weight and load of the crane.

Operation system

The movement of the various mechanisms and the whole machine of the crane is controlled and operated through electrical and hydraulic systems to perform various lifting operations.